Guidance on Managing Fainting: Causes and First Aid

Fainting, or a short-term loss of consciousness, can be alarming but is usually manageable with the right knowledge and actions. This guide explains the causes of fainting and provides detailed steps on how to assist someone who has fainted.

The Science Behind Fainting

Our brain requires a constant supply of oxygen, which is delivered via blood flow. If this flow is disrupted, symptoms like dizziness, nausea, or an odd feeling may occur, potentially leading to fainting.

Common Causes of Fainting

There are various reasons why someone might faint, including:

• Anxiety
• Hunger
• Pregnancy
• Stress
• Tiredness
• Pain
• Excessive heat
• Long periods of standing or sitting, leading to blood pooling in the legs

Immediate Actions to Take If Someone is About to Faint

If someone feels faint, help them lie down immediately to restore blood flow to the brain. If indoors, open a window to allow fresh air, which can aid in recovery.

Assisting Someone Who Has Fainted

For someone who has fainted:

• Lay them on their back.
• Elevate their legs about 30 centimetres to improve blood flow to the brain. Use your shoulder or an object like a box to support their legs.

These steps generally help the person recover quickly. As they regain awareness, explain calmly what happened as they may feel confused.

Post-Fainting Recovery

When the person feels better, assist them in getting up gradually to prevent another fainting spell. If they do not regain consciousness quickly:

• Ensure their airway is open.
• Check for breathing.
• Follow procedures for treating an unconscious casualty.

Only call emergency services if the person is injured or does not wake up. Otherwise, contacting a family member or another adult for support may be sufficient.